This article studies the unequal distribution of the benefits a country enjoys from participating in globalization from the perspective of international business. As globalization is a set of mutually beneficial interactions between countries and MNCs to enhance competitiveness of each participant, benefits countries enjoy from globalization should be understood in terms of national competitiveness. In this light, this article applies the generalized double diamond (GDD) model to the analysis of national competitiveness and introduces the globalization inequality index (GII) as an extension of the Gini index to measure inequality in globalization. Statistical analyses of GIIs show that benefits from globalization are unequally distributed over countries and suggest a need for the strategic interpretation of the role of a location in the era of globalization.